A new breed of filmmaker has emerged on the scene, one who is eschewing traditional scriptwriting in favour of something more straightforward: verbatim. It's not just a case of taking direct quotes from real people and plugging them into a screenplay – although that's certainly part of it – but rather a commitment to reproducing entire conversations or scenes as they were originally spoken.
From Tina Satter's "Reality" (2023), which recreated the FBI interrogation of Reality Winner in real-time, to Radu Jude's "Uppercase Print" (2020), which transcribed the grilling of a rebellious teenager in Ceaușescu-era Romania, these films are taking verbatim storytelling to a whole new level. The phrase "inspired by true events" is no longer enough; filmmakers are now claiming that their films are based on actual transcripts or recordings.
The trend has its roots in theatre, where the concept of the "living newspaper" emerged during the 1930s Federal Theatre Project in the US. This innovative approach to storytelling used real-life events and conversations as material for plays. More recently, Eric Bentley's play "Are You Now or Have You Ever Been?" drew heavily on transcripts from the House Committee on Un-American Activities hearings of the 1950s.
But what's driving this current wave of verbatim filmmaking? Perhaps it's a response to the increasingly difficult world we live in, where hard truths are harder and harder to grasp. By using real conversations and events as the basis for their stories, filmmakers may be trying to cut through the noise and present unvarnished realities.
One key aspect of this new style is the use of vérité cinematography – close-ups, handheld cameras, natural lighting – all designed to create a sense of immediacy and direct engagement with the subjects. The film "The Voice of Hind Rajab" (2024), based on real recordings from an emergency call centre in Gaza City, takes this approach to the extreme, featuring dizzying close-ups of its cast along with actual recordings of the girl at its centre.
Whether this trend is a genuine attempt to shed new light on difficult topics or simply a gimmick to grab attention remains to be seen. But one thing's for sure: verbatim filmmaking is here to stay – and it's changing the way we think about storytelling, documentary filmmaking, and the very notion of what constitutes a "film".
From Tina Satter's "Reality" (2023), which recreated the FBI interrogation of Reality Winner in real-time, to Radu Jude's "Uppercase Print" (2020), which transcribed the grilling of a rebellious teenager in Ceaușescu-era Romania, these films are taking verbatim storytelling to a whole new level. The phrase "inspired by true events" is no longer enough; filmmakers are now claiming that their films are based on actual transcripts or recordings.
The trend has its roots in theatre, where the concept of the "living newspaper" emerged during the 1930s Federal Theatre Project in the US. This innovative approach to storytelling used real-life events and conversations as material for plays. More recently, Eric Bentley's play "Are You Now or Have You Ever Been?" drew heavily on transcripts from the House Committee on Un-American Activities hearings of the 1950s.
But what's driving this current wave of verbatim filmmaking? Perhaps it's a response to the increasingly difficult world we live in, where hard truths are harder and harder to grasp. By using real conversations and events as the basis for their stories, filmmakers may be trying to cut through the noise and present unvarnished realities.
One key aspect of this new style is the use of vérité cinematography – close-ups, handheld cameras, natural lighting – all designed to create a sense of immediacy and direct engagement with the subjects. The film "The Voice of Hind Rajab" (2024), based on real recordings from an emergency call centre in Gaza City, takes this approach to the extreme, featuring dizzying close-ups of its cast along with actual recordings of the girl at its centre.
Whether this trend is a genuine attempt to shed new light on difficult topics or simply a gimmick to grab attention remains to be seen. But one thing's for sure: verbatim filmmaking is here to stay – and it's changing the way we think about storytelling, documentary filmmaking, and the very notion of what constitutes a "film".